Analogs of purine are synthetic chemicals that bear structural resemblance to the heterocyclic aromatic molecule purine. In medicine, these analogues are widely used, especially in the treatment of viral infections and cancer. The following is a synopsis of three purine analogs:6. 6 Mercaptopurine : This substance is an analog of purine that prevents DNA and RNA from being synthesized. Leukemia, inflammatory bowel disease, and autoimmune illnesses including rheumatoid arthritis are among the conditions for which it is utilized.6-MP inhibits purine synthesis-related enzymes, which lowers the amount of DNA and RNA produced by quickly proliferating cells, like cancer cells.Bone marrow suppression, liver toxicity, gastrointestinal problems, and an increased risk of infection are among the common side effects of 6-MP.Azathioprine:Azathioprine is a prodrug that the body breaks down into 6-mercaptopurine. It is used as an immunosuppressant to treat autoimmune conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis, as well as to avoid organ rejection in transplant recipients.As with 6-MP, azathioprine suppresses the production of purines, which in turn slows the growth of immune cells and lowers inflammation.Azathioprine side effects include decreased bone marrow production, heightened vulnerability to infections, hepatic toxicity, and an increased chance of developing specific malignancies. Pentostatin: Deoxyadenosine triphosphate (dATP) builds up in cells as a result of the purine analogue pentostatin's inhibition of the adenosine deaminase enzyme.It is mainly used to treat hairy cell leukemia, an uncommon kind of blood cancer, by interfering with DNA synthesis and causing leukemia cells to undergo programmed cell death,or apoptosis.Pentostatin frequently causes weariness, gastrointestinal problems, immunosuppression, increased susceptibility to infections, and suppression of the bone marrow.These purine analogues show how changing purine metabolism can be therapeutically applied to the treatment of a number of illnesses, including cancer and autoimmune conditions. However, because of the possibility of harmful side effects and toxicity, its use needs to be closely monitored.
