Inorganic insecticides constitute a class of pesticides that utilize compounds lacking carbon-hydrogen bonds in their molecular structure. Unlike organic insecticides, which often contain carbon-based compounds, inorganic insecticides predominantly feature metals and other inorganic elements. Common examples include compounds like arsenic, copper, and sulfur. These substances exert their insecticidal properties through various mechanisms, including disrupting cellular functions, interfering with enzyme activity, or acting as physical barriers. Arsenic-based inorganic insecticides, such as lead arsenate, were historically widely used but have declined in popularity due to environmental concerns. Copper-based compounds, like copper sulfate, are employed to control fungal and bacterial diseases in addition to their insecticidal properties. Sulfur, often used as sulfur dust or spray, acts as a contact insecticide and fungicide. While inorganic insecticides have advantages such as stability and prolonged efficacy, they also pose challenges. Environmental persistence and potential toxicity to non-target organisms necessitate careful application and monitoring. Modern agricultural practices tend to favor environmentally friendly alternatives. Nonetheless, inorganic insecticides continue to play a role in certain pest management strategies, especially in situations where resistance to other pesticides is a concern or when specific pests are effectively targeted by these compounds.
