Psychiatric illnesses are a broad category of mental health issues that impact an individual's mood, thought process, and behavior. They can affect a person's capacity to carry out daily activities and can be complex and vary in severity. Below is a summary of a few prevalent psychiatric conditions:Depressive disorders are marked by enduring melancholy, hopelessness, and a loss of interest in or enjoyment from activities. Examples include seasonal affective disorder (SAD), dysthymia, and major depressive disorder (MDD).Anxiety disorders are characterized by excessive concern or fear that gets in the way of day-to-day activities. Panic disorder, phobias, social anxiety disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) are a few examples. Bipolar Disorders: Formerly referred to as manic-depressive illness, these disorders are characterized by manic or hypomanic episodes interspersed with periods of sadness. Manic episodes are a hallmark of Bipolar I disorder; hypomanic and depressive episodes are a component of Bipolar II disorder.Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders and Other Psychotic Conditions: Disturbances in thought, perception, emotion, and behavior are hallmarks of schizophrenia. Delusions, disorganized thought patterns, or hallucinations are possible symptoms of other psychotic diseases.Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders and Associated Disorders: OCD is characterized by recurrent, unwanted thoughts called obsessions and compulsive acts or behaviors in the mind meant to calm anxiety. Hoarding disorder and body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) are two more conditions that are connected. Trauma and Stressor-Related Disorders: After being exposed to a traumatic incident, people with PTSD have intrusive memories, avoidance, altered mood and cognitive function, and elevated arousal. Similar in nature but with a shorter period is acute stress disorder (ASD).Disruptions or lapses in memory, awareness, identity, or perception of the surroundings are characteristics of dissociative disorders. Multiple personality disorder was the prior name for dissociative identity disorder (DID).Anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-eating disorder are examples of eating disorders. They entail abnormal eating habits and mindsets, frequently linked to issues with body image. Personality disorders are long-lasting cognitive, behavioral, and psychological experiences that don't conform to social norms and can be upsetting or harmful. Narcissistic personality disorder (NPD), antisocial personality disorder (ASPD), and borderline personality disorder (BPD) are a few examples.Addictive and substance-related disorders: these entail the abuse of substances like drugs, alcohol, or prescription pharmaceuticals, which can cause dangerous behavior, loss of control, and social issues. Substance abuse and dependence are included in the category of substance use disorders. A complete strategy including medication, treatment, lifestyle modifications, and support from loved ones and mental health specialists is frequently necessary to comprehend and treat psychiatric problems. For those impacted by these illnesses, early detection and care can greatly improve outcomes and quality of life.
