A tiny number of people who menstruate are affected with premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), a severe type of premenstrual syndrome
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A tiny number of people who menstruate are affected with premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), a severe type of premenstrual syndrome (PMS). A range of behavioral, emotional, and physical symptoms that arise during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and seriously impair daily functioning and quality of life are the hallmarks of PMDD.Although the precise origin of PMDD is unknown, complicated interactions involving hormonal shifts, oscillations in neurotransmitters, and genetic predispositions are thought to be involved. Studies indicate that people with PMDD might be more sensitive to the typical hormonal changes that occur during the menstrual cycle, including variations in the levels of progesterone and estrogen. PMDD symptoms usually start a week or two prior to the onset of menstruation and go away quickly after. Breast soreness, bloating, exhaustion, headaches,and joint or muscle discomfort are typical physical symptoms. But what sets PMDD apart from ordinary PMS are the emotional and psychological symptoms. These may consist of: Mood swings: Abrupt episodes of tears or fury, as well as extreme mood swings include irritation, hostility, and despair. Depression: Extremely depressing and gloomy feelings that might interfere with relationships and day-to-day activities.Anxiety: Excessive levels of tension, anxiety, and uneasiness; frequently accompanied by panic episodes or a sense of imminent disaster.rage or irritability: Excessive animosity, rage, or frustration toward oneself or other people, frequently out of proportion to the circumstances.Inability to concentrate: impaired memory, focus, and concentration, which results in lower productivity and challenges in the workplace or in the classroom.exhaustion: A state of low energy, apathy, and persistent exhaustion that can make it difficult to perform daily chores.Sleep disturbances: Hypersomnia or insomnia, which includes trouble obtaining restorative sleep or falling asleep.Different people have PMDD symptoms at different intensities and for different lengths of time. While some people with mild symptoms can manage them with self-care techniques, others may have severe symptoms that drastically reduce their quality of life and necessitate medical attention.A combination of medication, psychotherapy, and lifestyle changes is frequently used to treat PMDD. Modifications in lifestyle, such as consistent exercise, stress reduction methods, and food choices, may help reduce symptoms. Psychotherapy—especially cognitive-behavioral therapy, or CBT—can assist people in addressing the psychological underpinnings of PMDD and helping them establish coping mechanisms. To treat symptoms, doctors may also prescribe drugs such gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists, hormonal contraceptives, or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).All things considered, PMDD is a difficult and crippling illness that can greatly impair the lives of those who are afflicted. Nonetheless, many individuals with PMDD can experience symptom alleviation and an improvement in their general quality of life with appropriate diagnosis and treatment.
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