Endometrial cancer develops in the uterine lining, known as the endometrium.It is the most common type of uterine cancer and most commonly affects women after menopause, however it can afflict younger women as well.The exact origin is unknown, although some risk factors, such as hormonal imbalances, obesity, diabetes, and a history of estrogen-related illnesses, increase vulnerability. Endometrial cancer symptoms may include abnormal vaginal bleeding or discharge, pelvic pain, pain during intercourse, and, later on, weight loss and exhaustion. When these symptoms appear, it is critical to seek medical help as soon as possible because early detection improves treatment outcomes greatly. Transvaginal ultrasound, endometrial biopsy, dilatation and curettage (D&C), or imaging studies like MRI or CT scans are used to make a diagnosis.Staging, once validated, determines the amount of cancer spread, which aids in treatment selections. Treatment options vary depending on the stage of the cancer and may include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, or a combination of these. Surgery, often a hysterectomy (uterine removal), is frequently the primary treatment for early-stage malignancy. In advanced cases, a combination of medicines to target the disease thoroughly may be indicated. Endometrial cancer research continues to look for novel treatment options. Immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and precision medicine all show promise for more effective and personalized treatment techniques. Aside from medicinal therapies, support networks and lifestyle changes are critical. Support groups, counseling, and connecting with people going through similar experiences can provide emotional support. Adopting a healthy lifestyle that includes a balanced diet and regular exercise not only promotes healing but may also improve treatment efficacy and general well-being. Post-treatment check-ups are critical for monitoring and detecting any recurrence. Managing potential therapeutic side effects and long-term repercussions is a continuing element of survivorship care. Early detection and improved results rely heavily on risk factor awareness, timely testing, and proactive health management. Endometrial cancer treatments and research continue to advance, giving patients affected by the disease hope for a better prognosis and a higher quality of life.
